Rotary explosive-engine.



PA ENTE'D JUNE 25, 1906. vH. L. MAILLARD. ROTARY EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLI GATION FILEJJ MAR. 16, 1904.

v 5 SHEETS SHEET 1.

AUUHIVEYJ.

' No. 824,559. PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906.

H. L. MAILLARD.

ROTARY EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MARJS, 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNEEEES: INVENTUF;

% jf gy'le'oizflailhd w No, 824,559. v PATENTED JUNE 2 ,1906.

H. L. MAILLARD. I ROTARY BXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MARJG, 1904.

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MIN/5555+ I'NVENTUP] M rm/ v ng.

-No. 824,559. PATENTED JUNE 36', 1906.

H. L. MAILLARD. ROTARY BXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLI 13.011 FILED MAR-l8, 1904.-

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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No. 824,559- PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906.

Y H. L. MAILLARD.

ROTARY EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.16,1904.

5 SHEETSSHBET 5.-

I r j UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

- ROTARY EXPLOSIVE ENGlN E." l

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed larch 16, 1904. Serial No. 198.520.

Patented June 26, 1906.

To all whom,- it may concern: Be it known that I, HENRI Lr'ion Man.-LABD, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident of Paris,France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rotary Ex: plosiveEngines, which improvements are fully set forthin the followingspecification.

' which will work'under the actionof any comranged to work as anexplosion-engine.

.- this case it is a petrol-engine, more particularly intended forpropelling motor-vehicles where light weight is of the greatestimportance.

Figure 1 shows the engine in vertical crosssection. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section. 3 is a detail view of the cam con.- tributing tothe conversion of the reciprocating motion of the pistons into acontinuous rotatory movement of the crown or rim in which they move. 4is a side elevation with the upper portion shown in vertical transversesection of a rotary engine constructed according to the presentinvention in-which a mixture of gas and air is employed as the motorfluid. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing how the reciprocating motion of thepistons is transmitted to the rim in order to impart a rotary motionthereto; and Figs. 6, 7', 8, 9, 10, and'll are also diagrams showing thedifferent positions of the parts for one com lete rotation of the motor.

T e engine is chiefly constituted bya tubular cylindrical rim .0, inwhich reciprocate four istons p p 11 11*, forming between them ourchambers e e e" e.'

With reference to the positions occupied by the four pistons in Fig. 1and assuming that the pistons move in the direction indicated by thearrows, the cycle will be as follows: Chamber e, explosion; chamber e,compression; chamber 4;", admission; chamber e, exhaust. At the nextphase the pistons move in the opposite directions and This inventionrelates "to a rotatory engine the, cycle will be as follows: Chamber 6explos1on ;chamber e, compression; chamber e, admission; chamber 6,exhaust, and so on.

If the pistons were free, it is obvious that only those acted upon atthe given moment by an explosion would move. In order to avoid this, thefour pistons are indirectly connccted by a special device to the tubularrim 0, by which means a continuous rotary motion is imparted thereto, sothat it plays the part of a fiy-wheel, carrying the pistons over thedead-centers. The connection between the pistons and the rim is asfollows: The circular rim 0 is connected, by means of arms Z, to asleeve Z, mounted loosely on a spindle a. Each piston is connected by anarm Z to a sleeve 1 also mounted loosely on the spindle 0. These armsZfpass through slots made in the lower part 0 the tubular rim 0. Thesleevesor ends I of the arms I of the pistons 11 p are fixed to eachother, and those of the arms of the pistons p p similarlyinterconnected, said two sets of pistons, however, be-

l'ng independently movable with respect to each other-.- Each arm Ibeing connected in the same way as the others to the rim 0, it

will be sufficient to examine one of these connection devices. near itsend with a pin 1), projecting in a plane .normal to the plane ofoscillation of the said arm. The said pin 1; is partially inclosd by thebifurcated end of a suitably-bent lever I) 0 g. The lever b 0 g ispivoted about a pin 0, secured to the arm Z, secured to the rim. Thebent lever is provided at g with a roller engaging with a cam-groove g gn m, made in a disk 'm n, Fig. 3, keyed to 'the fixed spindle a.

With reference to the positions occupied by the distributing organs,(valve-gear,) it should be noted that the arts efiecting ignition may beconstitute by four s arkingplugs arranged, respectively, in eat: of thechambers 'w by z, and each of such compartments or chambers is providedwith an inlet and an exhaust valve preferabl operated in the manner nowto be described rangement shown in Fig. *4, in which the engine isoperated by an explosive mixture and the admission-port, sparkingdevices, and exhaust mechamsm are shown in detail each chamber of thetubular rim is provided with an admission-chamber l, which by means of alow shaft a, by means of the channel 2. Each" Each arm Z is provided- Inthe arvided in each of the chem poles thereof being formed by thecasin%,

while the other is connected is? new snitch conductor 6 to a metallicsector 7 of a drum 8, which is keyed to the shaft a. Brushes 9 are incontact with said drurnfi end are suits ably connected to a source ofelectricity, so ha electric c mmunicati n is e ts lishsd at the propertimes, and igni ion of th ssplo: sire mi ture is caused b rneens of e .snk. Th xhaust may ke p one into the s mosh r r into it u table mem Eochchem iier of the tubular rim oomrnuncietes with on oxhousochsmber 10,which is in communicanon wit th a m pher or a mufll r end provided withen eXhsust-velve 11, the spindi 2 o which is provide Wi h's terminalroller 3.3, revolve upon s com 1%, Incomes 97s th fixed sh ft :1,thereby operating ssid Weiss 11 st the proper mom nt- The Working of thvspmrstu i as fol ows: The shape of the curve g n m is such that on hcrown or rim 0 r tstm forword through so angle f ninety degrees th r llr 9 will arrive at the roller will arrive at n, th pist wjl take up theposition of the p ston p tli e news?" th o ltion of the piston 1 firs--ha s .o oy, o eachpsssogegg g onmmgoi the roller g in the cermgroovccorresponds an s at n of he lever Z nd. a rotation of the r m 0 throughon engle of ninety degrees, In; verscly, f an explosion takes place at ethe Pl O iS go and 3.1 are driven-the piston zffor ward and p backward,The piston 11 our: rice the lever b the lever b o g oscillates about .0the roller 9' arrives at the. ortion au ng the pin 0", an cons quent yalso the WhOlB rim 2, t turn throu hen s ngle of ninet de 0 i a so wasend. turns iv n bo kwsrd t e lever 12 the. pin hile the roller 9 9, ItW1 1 thus. e een t tated, he whole eppsr tus has turned h ugh on e is ofninety degree the pist n p h s s pms. the posi ion f the plfi fllgflf,nd th P tQll-fi' t at of the piston p e pr ure r so tmg fr m theexplosion on cosh o the pi tossdp and 2 has he s oot of for og g t werthe of and 11 toward the Pg as explained We W1 l now examine n r gar toach of the .p s nshow thi dis lacement eff ct he ransm ssi n in the amdirecti n, which s indicated by the rg arrow in F g- 5, to each of theaxes or nd 0 and through the arms 2 Z on which t v. a f l eienconsequently through the cyl ndrl s rim 0 c o. c, to winch they are firmy nn cted, ref r nce hemg lied psrticulorly t0 F f. he drs. s- As to thepiston p itsdisplooernent t wa d the l ft has th fisot of osolllatmg thelever b o g ar und-tho o 9 turns gasses from o to rs 1, one otthe pointc s round h s in, e a- The pinthro g on ngl v of sty degrees and as thepiston gfl it out there ore, th t th movem nt and eparation s as a readypoint a, the center 9 oi the rohler describing.

. at this moment on the controlling element is directed in the course ofthe tangent formed with this are at the point A. It results, therefore,that the a gle F between the tssg n s A. B and At? at the oint A, on thfinches-1,110 the ar A D, n ,on the other bond, to the guidingrcurve isless than the sliding angle there will be a sliding of the roller on t eurve foll wing the tang n A C,

and thereby the displacement of the rolleiigq toward the right followingthe curve 9 This displacement is transmitted to the point 0 111 the somedlrection, and bay means of the some to the rim 0 c c a in the irectionof the general rot tion- As re ards, the piston p t 1 readily seen thatits l placement toward the right transmits the rotation of the lever 0 garound the oint 0 in the direction g H. 'Ifhe roller g is th refore aplied to the 111118! c rcumference of the gui e-groove. At the point ofcontact H of the roller 9' with the curved member the tangents H IH J tothis curved member and to the ere which the point Htends to describe areapproximately perfendicular to ca h other, The roller 9' fin s,therefore, on the. curved member a point of support, The other extremityof of th two pist ns and produced. 1) the expl'si sion which. as tagen'place bcti vsen theni sauses the rotation of the entire mach ne 131 thedirection indicated by the large arrow.

It is only necessary to examine the din-- m shown in g o 7, 9, 10, su .1WhJGh r present difi rent positions of the parts for one completerotation of the entire t u t re, in o der to comprehend immediately howthe before-described operations are produced regularly for each intervalbetween the two pistons and each displacement corres%ond n to a quarterof a, revolution, so sto o taint regular rotation of the entire t ucure. Fig. 6 epresents the apparatus at the'momsnt when he expl sion isprodosed between 111 and, p, In 7 the ox.- ploslon has taken place, heml or g is ong. ed by the groove towar h he m or g is otthe. point ofsupport lm. lever IIO b o g, and the has turned through a certain angle.Fig. 8 shows the preceding phase completed. The rim has been turned fora quarter of a rotation, and the explosion is produced between 1) and p.The other fig ures represent the same phases for the angles of rotationfor larger or smaller structures. After the phase represented in Fig. 11B has arrived at the place of p in Fig. 6, an after anotherquarter-rotation, it is then found that the same phases take placeindefinitely in the same order, the rotation of the rim continuing alsowithout interruption. The curveg g n m represents,in fact, the curve ofthe absolute movement described in the space by the roller'g during thetwodouble oscillations effected by the lever Z during one com leterevolution of the rim 0 through an ang e of three hundred and sixtydegrees. By suitabl modifying this curve any number ofsuc oscillationser revolution of the rim 0 could be obtaine that is to say, any numberof explosions per revolution. The

lengths b o o g and the angle 6 0 g are chosen, so as to get thereactions of the roller at the different points of the curve on the eements of the groove forming a rest and a guide for it properlidirectedwith reference to the tan-- gents at t ose points'that is to say, sothat theangles between those two directions (reaction on the point ofsupport and the tanent to the curve at that point) should be ept withinsuitable limits to obtain guidance without shocks and in satisfactorycon ditions of friction.

I claim- 1. In an engine of the class described, the

combination, with a fixed shaft, of a circular ous rotary movement isimparted to said rim by the movement of said PlStOIIS.

'2. In an engine of the class described, the

combination, with a fixed shaft, of a sleeve rotatable on said shaft,arms radiatin from said sleeve, a circular tubular rim carried by saidarms, a plurality of sets of oppositely-reciprocating pistons in saidrim, oscillatory levers fulcrumed to said rim-carrying arms and,

pivoted at their ends .to said pistons, and means on said shaft foroscillating said levers in order to impart a continuous rotary movementto said run by the reciprocation of said pistons.

3. In an engine of the class described, the combination, with a fixedshaft, of a circular tubular rim rotatable on said shaft, a plurality ofsets of oppositely-reciprocating pistons in said rim, oscillatory leversfulcrumed to a part connected to said rim, the levers being ivoted atone end and to said pistons, and a fixed cam on said shaft for engaginglposite ends of said levers and operab part a continuous rotary'movementto said rim when said pistons are actuated.

In testimony whereof I have signed this ing witnesses. I

HENRI LEON MAILLARD. Witnesses:

FRANCIS Guinea,

HANSON O. Ooxn.

the ope to im- 79 specification in the presence of two subscrib-

